Showing posts with label apostrophe. Show all posts
Showing posts with label apostrophe. Show all posts

Monday, July 28, 2014

15 Proofreading Tips for Writers

Let me ask you a question: How do you feel when you find a grammar error or typo in a book you are reading? Are you sad for the author? Sad for the editor? Do you feel a bit smug that you found the error and obviously no one else did?

What if it were your own writing and someone else caught the error? How would you feel then?

I'm going to give you some proofreading tips to help reduce the amount of errors or typos found in your writing.

Just follow these tips and hopefully one of your readers won't come across an error and feel a bit superior that they found an error you didn't.

Remember this, Mark Twain said, "The difference between the almost-right word & the right word is really a large matter--it's the difference between the lightning-bug & the lightning."

1. The first thing you can do is let your writing rest. For how long? For however long it takes to really get away from it and not have it in your head when you go back to re-read it. According to Hemingway, he wrote the ending to Farewell to Arms 39 times before he was satisfied.

2. Expect to do some rewriting. Leo Tolstoy wrote, "I can't understand how anyone can write without rewriting everything over and over again." Rewriting is the best way to learn to write.

3. Proofread in hard copy only. Reading on a computer is too easy to get lost in the writing and not see the errors.

4. Are you sentences properly constructed and clear?

5. Have you checked all questionable spellings?

6. Is your punctuation correct?

7. Have you used proper transitional expressions to tie your paragraphs together? Your chapters together? Does the continuity of the story flow throughout?

8. Does each scene have one clear and concise point of view?

9. Does your dialogue work with the story theme and move the story along or is it stagnant and conversational?

10. Have you read your story aloud? Have you had someone else read your story aloud to you?

11. Silently read your story backwards. This will help you catch many errors that are "hidden" in the story. You will not be caught up in the story and can focus on the words.

12. Proofread for one kind of error at a time. You will have to read your writing several times, but it's worth it if you can concentrate on only finding one kind of error at a time.

13. Always make sure you have double-checked your facts, figures, and names. There are many times I've read a book where the main character is named something like "Carl" in the first 5 chapters, and later changes to "Charles" in the remaining chapters. It can be very confusing to the reader.

14. Don't always rely on your spellchecker, but use your dictionary as well.

15. Always double check our apostrophes and contractions. Make sure they are constructed properly and fused appropriately.

I'm sure there are more tips out there for proofreading but these tips have done me well when it comes to my own writing. My publisher was always happy to receive one of my manuscripts because they knew they didn't have to put in a lot of time editing it. My manuscripts were one of the cleanest they'd ever seen.









Reference: The Least You Should Know About English by Teresa Ferster Glazier

Copyright: bradcalkins / 123RF Stock Photo

Monday, May 26, 2014

The Least You Should Know - Possessives

Possessives can be tricky.

And, confusing as well. Are we thinking about what belongs to us? Or are we thinking about how to portray a possessive in writing?

Let's go with writing in this session.

 Do you add an "s", do you add an apostrophe? Will the world end if you don't? I don't know about you, but if you make a grammar mistake on the Internet, i.e, FaceBook, Lord help you and all you know.

So, let's take a look at writing possessives. The best question to ask yourself is "Who does this belong to?" Or, if you want to be particularly proper, I guess the correct question is "To whom does this belong?" But, I'm not going to hold you to that.

Remember, the key word is belong.

Who does it belong to?

If you ask the question a different way, you might not get the correct answer and can turn out some pretty ugly stuff. (Ok, did you see how I slipped in that oxymoron? Cool, eh?)

To make a possessive:

Ask "Who or what does it belong to?"
If the answer ends in s, add an apostrophe.
If the answer doesn't end in s, add an apostrophe and s.

Clear?

Let's try some, shall we?

The womans dress

The womens ideas

Stephens department

James apartment

The Whites house

Mr. Whites house



So, how'd you do?

Well, I'll tell you the correct answer below and you can find out for yourself.

The woman's dress

The women's ideas

Stephen's department

James' apartment

The Whites' house

Mr. White's house


Clear?

Sometimes people will write a variation of the possessive. For example, James' book may be written James's book. That's correct as well. However, always following the examples above are the best way to stay out of trouble.

WARNING: Don't assume that because a word ends in s it is necessarily a possessive. Make sure the word actually possesses something before you put in an apostrophe.

A few words, called possessive pronouns, are already possessive and don't need an apostrophe added to them.

my, mine              its
your, yours           our, ours
his                        their, theirs
her, hers               whose


Practice with the following:


  1. (It) raining
  2. (You) car needs washing
  3. (Who) to blame?
  4. (They) planning to come.
  5. The cat drank (it) milk.
  6. (Who) been sitting here?
  7. The wind lost (it) force.
  8. (Who) going with me?
  9. My book has lost (it) cover.
  10. (It) all I can do.
  11. (You) right.
  12. (They) garden has many trees.
  13. (It) sunny today.
  14. (Who) car shall we take?
  15. The club lost (it) leader.

Did you get them all correct?

Here's the answers:


  1. It's
  2. Your
  3. Who's
  4. They're
  5. its
  6. Who's
  7. its
  8. Who's
  9. its
  10. It's
  11. You're
  12. Their
  13. It's
  14. Whose
  15. its


Are you on the right track for writing correct possessives? I hope so. If not, you can refer back to the above list and practice sessions.

Enjoy!

--
Your Writing Coach



Copyright: iqoncept / 123RF Stock Photo